ar·du·ous /ˈɑrʤəwəs, djʊwəs/
 (a.)費力的,辛勤的,嶮峻的


 Ar·du·ous a.
 1. Steep and lofty, in a literal sense; hard to climb.
    Those arduous paths they trod.   --Pope.
 2. Attended with great labor, like the ascending of acclivities; difficult; laborious; as, an arduous employment, task, or enterprise.
 Syn: -- Difficult; trying; laborious; painful; exhausting.
 Usage: -- Arduous, Hard, Difficult. Hard is simpler, blunter, and more general in sense than difficult; as, a hard duty to perform, hard work, a hard task, one which requires much bodily effort and perseverance to do. Difficult commonly implies more skill and sagacity than hard, as when there is disproportion between the means and the end. A work may be hard but not difficult. We call a thing arduous when it requires strenuous and persevering exertion, like that of one who is climbing a precipice; as, an arduous task, an arduous duty. “It is often difficult to control our feelings; it is still harder to subdue our will; but it is an arduous undertaking to control the unruly and contending will of others.”

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 arduous
      adj 1: characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion;
             especially physical effort; "worked their arduous way
             up the mining valley"; "a grueling campaign"; "hard
             labor"; "heavy work"; "heavy going"; "spent many
             laborious hours on the project"; "set a punishing
             pace" [syn: backbreaking, grueling, gruelling, hard,
              heavy, laborious, punishing, toilsome]
      2: taxing to the utmost; testing powers of endurance; "his
         final, straining burst of speed"; "a strenuous task";
         "your willingness after these six arduous days to remain
         here"- F.D.Roosevelt [syn: straining, strenuous]
      3: difficult to accomplish; demanding considerable mental
         effort and skill; "the arduous work of preparing a
         dictionary"